Arrays

 6.1  Declaring and Initializing Arrays: 

• Arrays are used to store multiple values of the same data type in a single variable. Here's how you can declare and initialize an array:

class ArrayDeclarationInit{
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // Declaring an array of integers
        int[] numbers;

        // Initializing the array with values
        numbers = new int[]{1, 2, 3, 4, 5};

    }
}

 6.2  Accessing Array Elements: 

• You can access individual elements in an array using their index. The index starts from 0 for the first element.

class ArrayAccessingExample{
    public static void main(String[] args) {
    
	int[] numbers = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};

        // Accessing the first element
        int firstNumber = numbers[0];   
        System.out.println("firstNumber"+ firstNumber);// firstNumber: 1
        
        // Accessing the third element
        int thirdNumber = numbers[2];
        System.out.println("thirdNumber"+ thirdNumber);// thirdNumber: 3
    }
}

 6.3  Array Length and Enhanced for Loop: 

• You can get the length of an array using the “length” property.
• It represents the number of elements in the array.

class Arraylength{
    public static void main(String[] args) {
	int[] numbers = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};

        // Getting the length of the array
        int length = numbers.length;    
        System.out.println("length"+"="+ length); // length = 5
    }
}

• The enhanced for loop, also known as the foreach loop, simplifies iterating over all elements in an array.

class MultiArrayFor{
    public static void main(String[] args) {
		int[] numbers = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};

        // Printing all elements using the enhanced for loop
            for (int number : numbers) {
                System.out.println(number);
            }
    }
}

 6.4  Multidimensional Arrays: 

Arrays can have multiple dimensions, allowing you to create tables or matrices.

class MultiArray{
    public static void main(String[] args) {
		// Declaring and initializing a 2D array
            int[][] matrix = {
                {1, 2, 3},
                {4, 5, 6},
                {7, 8, 9}
            };

            // Accessing an element in a 2D array
            int element = matrix[1][2];    
            System.out.println("element"+":"+ element); // element: 6
    }
}

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